Sergei Winogradsky: a founder of modern microbiology and the first microbial ecologist.
نویسنده
چکیده
Sergei Winogradsky, was born in Russia in 1856 and was to become a founder of modern microbiology. After his Master's degree work on the nutrition and growth physiology of the yeast Mycoderma vini at the University of St. Petersburg, he joined the laboratory of Anton DeBary in Strassburg. There he carried out his studies on the sulfur-oxidizing bacterium Beggiatoa which resulted in his formulation of the theory of chemolithotrophy. He then joined the Swiss Polytechnic Institute in Zurich where he did his monumental work on bacterial nitrification. He isolated the first pure cultures of the nitrifying bacteria and confirmed that they carried out the separate steps of the conversion of ammonia to nitrite and of nitrite to nitrate. This led directly to the concept of the cycles of sulfur and nitrogen in Nature. He returned to Russia and there was the first to isolate a free-living dinitrogen-fixing bacterium. In the flush of success, he retired from science and spent 15 years on his familial estate in the Ukraine. The Russian revolution forced him to flee Russia. He joined the Pasteur Institute in Paris where he spent his remaining 24 years initiating and developing the field of microbial ecology. He died in 1953.
منابع مشابه
16S rRNA Gene Survey of Microbial Communities in Winogradsky Columns
A Winogradsky column is a clear glass or plastic column filled with enriched sediment. Over time, microbial communities in the sediment grow in a stratified ecosystem with an oxic top layer and anoxic sub-surface layers. Winogradsky columns have been used extensively to demonstrate microbial nutrient cycling and metabolic diversity in undergraduate microbiology labs. In this study, we used high...
متن کاملMicrobial Life in a Winogradsky Column: From Lab Course to Diverse Research Experience†
Appendix 1: List of biochemical and molecular assays utilized in the Winogradsky column lab, as well as purposes and protocol references Appendix 2: 16S-rRNA primers and PCR conditions which grants the public the nonexclusive right to copy, distribute, or display the published work.
متن کاملInvestigating Bacteria with the Winogradsky Column
As an investigation that was part of a larger module, a Winogradsky Column was developed to culture a mixed flora of bacteria. A column was created and other additional columns were started with differing conditions to determine the effects of bacterial growth. Extensions were developed to help expand the use of the Winogradsky Column as a teaching tool.
متن کاملIncrease the Visibility of Microbial Growth in a Winogradsky Column by Substituting Diatomaceous Earth for Sediment
متن کامل
Isolation and Characterization of Hyperthermophilic Nanobacteria from a Hot Spring in Ardabil, Iran
ABSTRACT Background and Objective: Nanobacteria are nanometer-scale particles with different shapes, which have been a subject of debate in modern microbiology. They belong to a proposed class of living organisms, specifically cell-walled microorganisms with a size much smaller than the generally accepted lower limit for life. Since some microorganisms are ...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
- FEMS microbiology reviews
دوره 36 2 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2012